- Type:
- Annual
- USDA hardiness zones:
- -
Also known as Frisee and Escarole.
Escarole (smooth leaf), frisee (wavy, fine leaf margins) and endive (wavy leaf margins) are more tolerant to extremes of temperature than lettuce. They look beautiful both in the salad bowl and in the garden.
Sow endive seeds 2 to 4 weeks before the last frost in your region is expected. Seeds are sown shallowly (1/4 inch, 6 mm) in rows 18 inch (45 cm) apart and then thinned to 8 to 12 inches (20 - 30 cm). Closer spacing will promote self blanching and a milder flavor. Seeds may be started inside to get an early start, 6 to 8 weeks before the last frost. Plenty of water and some shade when it is warm will help prevent bolting. Mulching will maintain content moisture levels and prevent weeds. Sow again 2 or 3 months before first fall will give a fall harvest. Stronger flavors will result from exposure to a light frost, and milder ones will result from blanching. To augment self blanching, cover heads with an opaque cover or tie dry leaves over head.
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