Potatoes

Native to the mountains of Peru, potatoes grow best in areas where summer are relatively cool, 65 to 75F (18 to 23C). Potatoes need about 1 in (2 cm) of water per week, and mulching helps retain moisture. Keeping the soil moist also prevents scabbing.
Potatoes always require well-drained soil, since they rot under prolonged wet and cold conditions. Consider using a raised bed if your soil is poorly drained or a heavy clay. Adding organic matter is a good way to improve soil before growing potatoes. Go easy on nitrogen-rich sources, since too much nitrogen can result in excessive foliage and poor tuber production.

Unlike most other vegetables, potatoes perform best in slightly acid soil with a pH of 4.8 - 5.5. If planting in soil above 6.0, use scab-resistant varieties. Naturally it is not recommended to grow potatoes in the same location as other vegetable crops, given the different acidity levels. Try dedicating one section of your garden just for potatoes, and rotate it every other year with a cover crop like clover or rye.
Normally, cut potato pieces are allowed to cure for a few weeks before planting. Potatoes need lots of oxygen and high-humidity, with temperatures between 50 and 65F (10 - 18C).
For faster emergence, keep the bag of cut potatoes at room temperature until you see sprouts. Some need 2 - 4 weeks, other only a few days.
Plant about a month before your last frost date, when the soil temperature is at least 40F (5C). Avoid planting in places where you've grown potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant or peppers in the last 2 years.
Potatoes need about 1 in (2 cm) of water per week, and mulching helps retain moisture. Keeping the soil moist also prevents scabbing.